Convention on Biological Diversity
2018-06-16 21:47:52
The Convention on Biological Diversityis an international convention for the conservation of the Earth's biological resources, adopted at the seventh meeting of the Intergovernmental negotiating Committee, sponsored by the United Nations Environment Programme on 1 June 1992 at Nairobi, on 5 June 1992. Signed by the signatories at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The Convention entered into force on 29 December 1993. The permanent Secretariat is located in Montreal, Canada. The Conference of the parties to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity is the highest decision-making body for the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity in the world. All important decisions on the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity must be adopted by the Conference of the parties. The Convention on Biological Diversity has three main objectives: the conservation of biodiversity, the sustainable use of biodiversity components, and the sharing of commercial benefits and other forms of utilization of genetic resources in an equitable and reasonable manner. The Convention's broad objectives, dealing with major issues about the future of mankind, have become the mileage of international law. For the first time, the Convention has reached a consensus that the protection of biological diversity is an integral part of the common interest of humankind and an integral part of the development process and that it covers all ecosystems, species and genetic resources, Linking traditional conservation efforts to the economic objectives of the sustainable use of biological resources, the Convention establishes the principle of equitable and reasonable sharing of the benefits of genetic resources, in particular for commercial purposes, The Convention covers rapidly developing areas of biotechnology, including biotechnology development, transfer, benefit-sharing and biosafety. In particular, the Convention is legally binding and parties are obliged to implement its provisions. The Convention reminds decision makers that natural resources are not endless, that it establishes a new concept for the twenty-first century-the sustainable use of biodiversity, and that past conservation efforts have focused on the protection of certain particular species and habitats, The Convention states that ecosystems, species and genes must be used for the benefit of mankind, but this should be obtained in a manner and at a rate that does not lead to a long-term decline in biodiversity. Based on the precautionary principle, the Convention provides a guide for decision makers: when biodiversity is significantly reduced or reduced, the lack of sufficient scientific certainty cannot be used as an excuse for taking measures to reduce or avoid this threat. The Convention recognizes that the conservation of biodiversity requires substantial investment, but stresses that the conservation of biodiversity should bring significant returns to our environment, both economically and socially.
