With the establishment of the first National Geopark in 2000 , our country has made great achievements in the protection of geological heritage and the construction of geopark . The geological park is a park with geological vestige as the theme , and the main purpose of establishing geopark is to strengthen the protection and rational use of geological vestige .
1 . The National Geopark of Qixi National Geopark ( Xishan City , Xishan City ) is composed of Xifengkou scenic spot , Qingshan guan scenic spot , Jingzhong Mountain scenic spot and Longjing guan scenic spot . It has the most primitive land nucleus in the park , which bears witness to the history of the formation and development of the earth environment in the early stage .
The landform of the canyon in the park is relatively developed , and the Western Qishan Gorge is located in the Longjing guan scenic spot in the Geopark , which is about 5 km long . It is composed of quartz sand rock of Changzhougou Formation of the Great Wall of the Upper Proterozoic , which is about 18 billion years ago , and is famous for " Xiong , Insurance , Qi and Dark " . In addition , there are also the sites in the park , the historic site of the cultural landscape , the Great Wall of the Great Wall , the Great Wall of the underwater Great Wall , the Anti - Japanese War Site , Panjiekou Reservoir , Confucianism and Taoism , and so on .
2 . Liujiang National Geopark ( Liujiang Village , Fushun County , Qinhuangdao )
Liujiang National Geopark is located in Qinhuangdao city of Hebei Province . It is adjacent to the Bohai Sea , North Yiyanshan , the east and Liaoning , and the west is adjacent to Tangshan . The area is 650 km2 . The National Geopark of Qinhuangdao is characterized by ancient fossils of Liujiang basin , stratigraphic remnant , karst landform and granite .
The core part of the geological park _ Liujiang basin , located north of Qinhuangdao city , is located 12 km away from Qinhuangdao City , has 240 square kilometers . It contains a typical layer profile with significant scientific research value for tracing geological history . It is a natural outcrops with small area and rich content . It is well known as " Natural Geology Museum " . There are also metals , non - metallic mineralization and ore spots .
The caves , karst caves , Tianjing , cliff , karst , etc . formed by karstification .
Other geological vestiges , such as mountains , falling water and river terraces , formed by flowing water .
3 . Danyang Landform National Geopark ( ChengDu City )
The National Geopark of Danxian Landform is located at the periphery of the city , and the administrative division belongs to Shuangqiao District , Shuangluanhe District and ChengDu County . The park is divided into two scenic areas of Chih , Shuangtaishan and Jiguanshan . It has a total area of 48.76 km2 and a core area of 24.03 km2 . It is a comprehensive geological park with natural , ecological and humanistic landscape .
3.1 Brief history of geological development
According to the division of Chinese geotectonic units , the city is located at the northern margin of the North China Platform , and belongs to Inner Mongolia and Yanshan fold fault zones . The Archean earth crust sinks deeply and is in the development stage of the geosynclinal stage . It has undergone massive iron - magnesium , sandy , silty , shale and mudstone deposition , and is accompanied by the activity of the base rock slurry . It is subjected to different degrees of metamorphism and mixed rock formation . After the pre - seismic tectonic movement , it enters the stage of quasi - platform development .
Middle Proterozoic to Paleozoic early Permian mainly developed marine sedimentary caprocks . After entering the intense activity stage , the continental - volcanic sedimentary cover layer was developed . The Jurassic - Early Cretaceous period is due to the movement of the Yanshan , the structure of this region has changed violently , and the Cenozoic has risen steadily since the Cenozoic era .


3.2 Formation and paleontology
The area of the geological park is from Archean to Cenozoic . The Archean gneiss is widely distributed in the north and south of Pingquan - Gubeikou fault . It is mainly distributed in the middle , new Proterozoic , Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata .
Middle Jurassic back - cheng group includes nine Longshan Formation , Pengjishan Formation and Tuchengzi Formation . It is a set of lava and pyroclastic rocks , which are mainly composed of red conglomerate , sandstone , silty sandstone and mudstone , and is the foundation of the formation of Danke landform of the park . The formation of this stratum is in the south - to - north direction , and the formation of the formation is generally north - south and dip angle is 12 ° ～ 45 ° . The soil - city sub - group is called " Chengde conglomerate " and " hot river red layer " .
It is the most dominant landscape layer in the geological park , such as Qifeng , Weishi and abrupt scarp .
3.3 Magmatic activity
The magmatic activity in the geological park area is strong , mainly occurs in the Yanshan period in the Mesozoic . The volcanic activity is concentrated in the Proterozoic and Mesozoic era . The types of rocks include ultrabasic , basic , neutral , acidic to alkaline rocks , and the production is varied .
3.4 Geological Structure
The geological park is mainly distributed in the Jurassic - Cretaceous strata in the eastern part of Luanping fault depression basin and the Chengde fault depression basin . The structural form is mainly in the form of complex fold and fault , the tectonic line direction is NE and NE ( FIG . 1 ) . The main part of controlling the basin and the landform of this area is Yanshan tectonic movement ( Geology and Mineral Resources Bureau of Hebei Province , 1996 ) . In the process of diagenesis , there are two sets of vertical conjugate shear joints , which restrict and guide the development process and the morphological characteristics of the landform .